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Java-Days

Operators In Java

  • Operators are classified into three types : 1) Unary Operator 2) Binary Operator 3) Ternary Operator

1) Unary Operator

  • The operator which takes one value/operand at a time is called as unary operator.
  • e.g. Increment Operator
      Decrement Operator
      Cast Operator

2) Binary Operator

  • The operator which takes two values/operands at a time is called as binary operator.
  • e.g. Increment Operator
      Logical Operator
      Arithmatic Operator
      Relational Operator

3) Ternary Operator

  • The operator which takes three values/operands at a time is called as ternary operator.
  • e.g. Conditional Operator

    1) Unary Operator

    i) Increment Operator

    • Increment operator is classified into two types a) Post Increment b) Pre Increment

      a)Post Increment Operator

    • The operator which is suffix to it’s variable is called as post increment operator.
    • Syntax
        variable_name ++
class PostInc
{
    public static void main(String[]args)
    {
        int a = 10;
        System.out.println(a);
        System.out.println(a++);
        System.out.println(a);
    }
}
  • Ans = 10, 10, 11
  • Steps to perform post increment operator
    i] Use the value present inside the variable.
    ii] Increment the value by ‘1’ and update.
class PostInc
{
    public static void main(String[]args)
    {
        int a = 10;
        int b = a++;
        int c = b++;
        System.out.println(a++);
        System.out.println(b++);
        System.out.println(c++);
        System.out.println(a);
        System.out.println(b);
        System.out.println(c);
    }
}
  • Ans = 11, 11, 10, 12, 12, 11

b)Pre Increment Operator

  • The operator which is prefix to it’s variable is called as pre increment operator.
  • Syntax
      ++variable_name
class PreInc
{
    public static void main(String[]args)
    {
        int a = 10;
        System.out.println(a);
        System.out.println(++a);
        System.out.println(a);
    }
}
  • Ans = 10, 11, 11
  • Steps to perform pre increment operator
    i] Increment the value by ‘1’ and update.
    ii] Use the value present inside the variable.
class PreInc
{
    public static void main(String[]args)
    {
        int a = 10;
        int b = 10;
        int c = 10;
        System.out.println(++a + b++ + c++);
        System.out.println(c + a++ + b++ + c++);
        System.out.println(a + b + c++);
        System.out.println(++a + c + b++)
        System.out.println(a);
        System.out.println(b);
        System.out.println(c);
    }
}
  • Ans = 31, 44, 36, 38, 13, 13, 13

ii) Decrement Operator

  • Increment operator is classified into two types a) Post Decrement b) Pre Decrement

    a)Post Decrement Operator

  • The operator which is suffix to it’s variable is called as post increment operator.
  • Syntax
      variable_name ++
class PostDec
{
    public static void main(String[]args)
    {
        int a = 10;
        System.out.println(a);
        System.out.println(a--);
        System.out.println(a);
    }
}
  • Ans = 10, 10, 9
  • Steps to perform post increment operator
    i] Use the value present inside the variable.
    ii] Decrement the value by ‘1’ and update.
class PostDec
{
    public static void main(String[]args)
    {
        int a = 10;
        int b = a--;
        int c = b--;
        System.out.println(a--);
        System.out.println(b--);
        System.out.println(c--);
        System.out.println(a);
        System.out.println(b);
        System.out.println(c);
    }
}
  • Ans = 9, 9, 10, 8, 8, 9

b)Pre Decrement Operator

  • The operator which is prefix to it’s variable is called as pre increment operator.
  • Syntax
      –variable_name
class PreDec
{
    public static void main(String[]args)
    {
        int a = 10;
        System.out.println(a);
        System.out.println(--a);
        System.out.println(a);
    }
}
  • Ans = 10, 9, 9
  • Steps to perform pre decrement operator
    i] Increment the value by ‘1’ and update.
    ii] Use the value present inside the variable.
class PreDec
{
    public static void main(String[]args)
    {
        int a = 10;
        int b = 10;
        int c = 10;
        System.out.println(--a + b-- + c--);
        System.out.println(c + a-- + b-- + c--);
        System.out.println(a + b + c--);
        System.out.println(a);
        System.out.println(b);
        System.out.println(c);
    }
}
  • Ans = 29, 36, 24, 8, 8, 7

2) Binary Operator

i) Arithmatic Operator

  • It is an binary operator.
  • It will takes two values/operand at a time.
class P1
{
    public static void main(String[] args)
    {
        int a = 10;
        int c = 10;
        System.out.println(a + c);
        System.out.println(a - c);
        System.out.println(a * c);
        System.out.println(a / c);
        System.out.println(a % c);
    }
}

  • Ans = 20, 0, 100, 1, 0

  • For Modulos (%)
  • m = 6, n = 7

  • if m < n
    m % n = m
    e.g. 6 % 7 = 6

  • if m = n
    m % n = m
    e.g. 7 % 7 = 0

  • if m > n
    m % n = reminder
    e.g. 8 % 7 = 1

ii) Relational Operator

  • It is an binary operator.
  • The return type of relational operator is in terms of boolean condition.
  • (true/false)
class P1
{
    public static void main(String[] args)
    {
        int a = 10;
        int b = 20;
        System.out.println(a == b);
        System.out.println(a != b);
        System.out.println(a < b);
        System.out.println(a > b);
        System.out.println(a <= b);
        System.out.println(a >= b);
    }
}
  • Ans = false, true, true, false, true, false

iii) Logical Operator

  • It is an binary operator.

    a) AND Operator (&&)

Statement1 Statement2 Output
TRUE TRUE TRUE
TRUE FALSE FALSE
FALSE TRUE FALSE
FALSE FALSE FALSE

b) OR Operator (||)

Statement1 Statement2 Output
TRUE TRUE TRUE
TRUE FALSE TRUE
FALSE TRUE TRUE
FALSE FALSE FALSE

c) NOT Operator (!) 

class NotOperator
{
    public static void main(String[]args)
    {
        System.out.println(!true);
    }
}
  • Ans = false
  • NOT is an unary operator but it comes under logical operator.

d) Assignment Operator

  • Assignment operators are used to assigning value to a variable. The left side operand of the assignment operator is a variable and right side operand of the assignment operator is a value.
class AssignOp
{
    public static void main(String[]args)
    {
        int a;
        int b;
        a = b = 10;
        System.out.println(a);
        System.out.println(b);
    }
}
  • Ans = 10, 10

    2) Ternary Operator

    i) Conditional Operator

  • It is an ternary operator.
  • It takes three values at a time.

  • It is the type of decision making statement in java.

  • Syntax
      conditon ? statement1 : statement2
      if condition is true then executes the statement1
      if condition is false then executes the statement2 
class TerOp
{
    public static void main(String[]args)
    {
        System.out.println(false ? 10 : 20);
    }
}
  • Ans = 20
class TerOp
{
    public static void main(String[]args)
    {
        int a = 10;
        int b = 20;
        int res = a > b ? a : b;
        System.out.println(res);
    }
}
  • Ans = 20
  • Que. Write a program to find the maximum of four numbers using conditional operator.
class FindMax
{
    public static void main(String[]args)
    {
        int a = 70;
        int b = 90;
        int c = 30;
        int d = 40;
        int res = a > b && a > c && a > d ? a : b > c && b > d ? b : c > d ? c : d;
        System.out.println(res);
    }
}

  • Ans = 90

  • Que. Write a program to find the minimum of four numbers using conditional operator.

class FindMin
{
    public static void main(String[]args)
    {
        int a = 11;
        int b = 29;
        int c = 30;
        int d = 41;
        int res = a < b && a < c && a < d ? a : b < c && b < d ? b : c < d ? c : d;
        System.out.println(res);
    }
}
  • Ans = 11